Sulfur is the tenth most abundant element in the universe. Sulfur atoms have 16 electrons and 16 protons with 6 valence electrons in the outer shell. Sulfur is the second element in the sixteenth column of the periodic table. Discovered by: Known about since ancient times.Density: (alpha) 2.07 grams per cm cubed.Sulfur reacts with Group I metal nitrides to form flammable mixtures, evolving flammable and toxic NH3 and H2S gases if water is present (Mellor, 1940, Vol. Even small percentages of hydrocarbons in contact with molten sulfur generate hydrogen sulfide and carbon disulfide, which may accumulate in explosive concentrations. Ignites if heated with chromic anhydride ignite and can explode. Takes fire spontaneously in chlorine dioxide and may produce an explosion. A mixture of damp sulfur and calcium hypochlorite produces a brilliant crimson flash with scatter of molten sulfur. Mixtures with any perchlorate can explode on impact. A mixture with potassium nitrate and arsenic trisulfide is a known pyrotechnic formulation. Reacts explosively if warmed with powdered zinc. Attacks heated lithium, or heated selenium carbide with incandescence. Reacts incandescently with calcium carbide or strontium carbide at 500☌. A mixture with barium carbide heated to 150☌ becomes incandescent. Combinations of finely divided sulfur with finely divided bromates, chlorates, or iodates of barium, calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, or zinc can explode with heat, friction, percussion, and sometimes light. Mixtures with ammonium nitrate or with metal powders can be exploded by shock. Reacts violently with phosphorus trioxide. Reacts with calcium phosphide incandescently at about 300☌. Can react with ammonia to form explosive sulfur nitride. Reacts to incandescence with heated with thorium. Ignites in fluorine gas at ordinary temperatures. Reacts with bromine trifluoride, even at 10☌. Reacts with iron to give pyrophoric compounds. SULFUR reacts violently with strong oxidizing agents causing fire and explosion hazards.
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